C++ Operator Precedence

📊 C++ Operator Precedence

Operator Precedence decide karta hai ki expression mein kaunsa operator pehle execute hoga.
Agar precedence same ho, to associativity decide karti hai order.

🔹 1. Example (Without Parentheses)

int result = 10 + 5 * 2;
cout << result;

Output:

20

👉 Pehle * (multiplication), phir +

🔹 2. Example (With Parentheses)

int result = (10 + 5) * 2;
cout << result;

Output:

30

👉 Parentheses () ki highest priority hoti hai.

🔹 3. Common Operator Precedence Table (High → Low)

Priority Operator
1️⃣ ()
2️⃣ ++ -- (Unary)
3️⃣ * / %
4️⃣ + -
5️⃣ < <= > >=
6️⃣ == !=
7️⃣ &&
8️⃣ `
9️⃣ = += -= etc

🔹 4. Associativity

Operator Associativity
+ - * / % Left → Right
= Right → Left
++ -- (prefix) Right → Left

🔹 5. Example with Associativity

int a = 5, b = 10, c = 15;
a = b = c;
cout << a;

Output:

15

👉 Assignment (=) right to left evaluate hota hai.

🔹 6. Logical Operator Precedence

bool result = true || false && false;
cout << result;

Output:

1

👉 && pehle, phir ||

🔹 7. Best Practice ✅

❌ Confusing:

int x = a + b * c - d / e;

✔ Clear:

int x = a + (b * c) - (d / e);

❌ Common Mistake

if (a > b && c < d || e == f) // confusing

✔ Better:

if ((a > b && c < d) || e == f)

📌 Summary

  • Parentheses () highest priority

  • * / % before + -

  • && before ||

  • Use parentheses for clarity

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