C++ Operators

➗ C++ Operators

Operators wo symbols hote hain jo values aur variables par operations perform karte hain, jaise addition, comparison, logic, etc.

🔹 1. Arithmetic Operators

OperatorMeaningExample
+Additiona + b
-Subtractiona - b
*Multiplicationa * b
/Divisiona / b
%Modulusa % b

Example:

int a = 10, b = 3;
cout << a + b << endl; // 13
cout << a % b; // 1

🔹 2. Assignment Operators

OperatorExampleMeaning
=a = 5Assign
+=a += 3a = a + 3
-=a -= 2a = a – 2
*=a *= 2a = a * 2
/=a /= 2a = a / 2

🔹 3. Relational (Comparison) Operators

OperatorExampleResult
==a == bEqual
!=a != bNot equal
>a > bGreater
<a < bSmaller
>=a >= bGreater or equal
<=a <= bSmaller or equal

🔹 4. Logical Operators

OperatorMeaningExample
&&ANDa > 5 && b < 10
``
!NOT!true

🔹 5. Increment / Decrement Operators

int x = 5;
x++; // 6
x--; // 5

Pre vs Post

int a = 5;
cout << ++a; // 6
cout << a++; // 6 (then a = 7)

🔹 6. Bitwise Operators

OperatorMeaning
&AND
``
^XOR
~NOT
<<Left shift
>>Right shift

🔹 7. Ternary Operator

int a = 10, b = 20;
int max = (a > b) ? a : b;

🔹 8. sizeof Operator

cout << sizeof(int);

🔹 9. Comma Operator

int x = (5, 10);
cout << x; // 10

❌ Common Mistakes

if (a = b) // ❌ assignment instead of comparison

✔ Correct:

if (a == b)

📌 Summary

  • Operators perform operations

  • Arithmetic, Logical, Relational most common

  • Ternary is shorthand if-else

  • Be careful with = vs ==

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