🔗 NumPy Joining Arrays (Complete Guide)

Joining (or concatenating) arrays means combining two or more arrays into a single array.
NumPy provides multiple functions to join arrays:

✔ concatenate()
✔ stack()
✔ hstack()
✔ vstack()
✔ dstack()
✔ column_stack()

✅ 1. Joining Using np.concatenate()

Output:

✔ Works for 1D, 2D, 3D arrays
✔ Must match dimension size except along joining axis.

🔹 Concatenate 2D Arrays

✅ 2. Joining Using stack()

Stack arrays along a new axis:

Output:

🔹 Using axis

Output:

✅ 3. hstack() — Join Horizontally (Row-wise)

Output:

✅ 4. vstack() — Join Vertically (Column-wise)

Output:

✅ 5. dstack() — Join Depth-wise (3D stacking)

Output:

✅ 6. column_stack() — Stack Column Format

Output:

🧠 Summary Table of Joining Methods

🎯 Example Practice