Python match Statement

🐍 Python match Statement

The match statement allows you to check a value against multiple patterns and execute code for the first matching pattern.

 1. Basic Match Statement

✅ Output:

• _ acts as a default case (like else).

• | is used to match multiple values.

 2. Match with Numbers

3. Match with Tuples

You can match tuple structures directly:

 4. Match with Lists

 5. Match with Dictionaries (Mapping Patterns)

• The keys must exist in the dictionary.

• You can also use case {"age": age} if age >= 18: for conditional matching.

 6. Using if Guards in Match

You can add conditions to patterns using if:

 7. Combining Patterns

You can combine multiple values in a single case:

 8. Practical Example: Calculator

 9. Key Points

1. Available in Python 3.10+.

2. _ acts like default / else.

3. Can match values, sequences, tuples, dicts.

4. Supports if guards and multiple patterns.

5. More powerful than a traditional switch-case.

🧠 Practice Exercises

1. Match a color name and print “Primary color” or “Secondary color”.

2. Match a number tuple (x, y) and identify origin, x-axis, y-axis, or other points.

3. Create a simple menu using match for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.

4. Match a dictionary representing a student and print their name and grade.